Major U.S. & Allied Nations agreements shaping critical technologies.
A reference timeline of the bilateral and multilateral frameworks aligning research, supply chains, regulatory standards, and investment priorities across critical-technology sectors.
- 01August 2024
AUKUS Naval Nuclear Propulsion Agreement
Trilateral agreement enabling the sharing of sensitive naval nuclear propulsion information and equipment to support Australia's acquisition of conventionally armed, nuclear-powered submarines.
- 022022 – 2025
CHIPS and Science Act — Allied Investments & Partnerships
Major U.S. investments and supply chain partnerships with companies and governments from Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and the Netherlands to expand advanced semiconductor manufacturing in trusted locations.
- 032023
U.S.–Japan–Netherlands Semiconductor Export Controls
Coordinated controls on advanced semiconductor manufacturing equipment, representing a major plurilateral effort to align policy on critical chip-making technology.
- 042021 – ongoing
AUKUS Partnership
Trilateral agreement between the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia to develop advanced capabilities in artificial intelligence, quantum technologies, hypersonics, electronic warfare, and undersea systems, alongside nuclear-powered submarine cooperation.
- 052022 – 2025
U.S.–Japan Critical Minerals & Semiconductor Supply Chain Cooperation
Series of agreements and investments to strengthen secure supply chains for advanced semiconductors and critical minerals.
- 062021 – ongoing
EU–U.S. Trade and Technology Council (TTC) Outcomes
Ongoing mechanism for aligning standards, investment screening, and technology policy between the United States and the European Union on semiconductors, artificial intelligence, and critical supply chains.
Related: see the imperative and public-private partnerships.
EngageMove from alignment to coordinated execution.
Principal-led engagements. Limited capacity each quarter.
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